The author acknowledges the signifi...

The author acknowledges the significance of the 6 paces presented by M. Pope (2000) in his article "A Brief History of Career Counseling in the United States." It is propos that the historical stages for each kind of career counselor are mostly appropriately organized around federal legislation that affects it. Alternative "stages," which the author believes are appropriate in tracing the history of the sect counselor movement, are presented as an example of this approach.

pontiff (2000) has made a valuable contribution to the literature with his newly come article "A Brief History of Career Counseling in the United States." by means of providing a document that cloaks persons in all age categories at all educational flats in both educational and noneducational settings, he has provided readers with a extremely broad perspective. This breadth of coverage, however, is almost steady to cause difficulties for many practicing career counselors in various settings who put to proof to draw personal meaning from Pope's article.

An underlying theme evident from end to end Pope's (2000) article is the importance and influence of federal legislation forward career counselors and career counseling. I believe that "stages" in career counseling for any kind of counselor become mostly meaningful if viewed from the easy in minds of the federal legislation that created it and is generally supporting it. Thus, the historical stages for single in kind kind of counselor will be different from those for another. In the case of career counseling, Pope's Stages 1 and 2 can be viewed as usual to all kinds of counselors because they did not involve any specific federal career counseling legislation. upon the other hand, Pope's Stages 3-6 are all conjoined to a wide variety of federal laws, each of which applies to counselors in more [i]or[/i] less settings but not in others.

As the same who has been identified with the instruct counselor movement since 1947, I have a mighty need to share with today's institute counselors stages of career counseling for them as I experienced them during the last 50 years. It is unfortunate that the historical adventures that are associated with each sect counselor stage during this time have not over and above become a common part of most numerous of the literature. Thus, about all that can be done here is to provide single some personal recollections with respect to the four stages of disentanglement of the school counselor manner of moving that have grown out of specific federal legislation during the last 50 years. That is the final cause of this article.

Stage 1: Occupational Information and Guidance Branch, Bureau of Vocational Education, U Office of Education (USOE; 1938-1946

Prior to 1938 sect guidance programs were introduced in many, further not nearly all, K-12 train districts. Student personnel services were also introduced in many 4-year literary institution [i]or[/i] seminary of learnings and universities. In 1938, enactment through the Congress of the George-Dean Vocational Education Act provided a significant degree forward by establishing the Occupational Information and Guidance Branch in the Bureau of Vocational Education in the USOE. below provisions of this legislation, state departments of education were provided supplys for use in employing state supervisors of guidance. Almost all states did in like manner The prime mission of these novel state supervisors was to encourage local K-12 combination of parts to form a wholes to introduce and operate denomination guidance programs at the K-12 (but primarily at the secondary school) flush Some of the state supervisors assumeed to be competent in the counseling and guidance field. Others did nor. For example, I was in succession a program in 1951 with a state supervisor of guidance whose business card said, forward the back, "Guidance Is A true Good Thing"! That seemed to be greatest in quantity of what he knew about it.

During the late 1940 the 50 state guidance supervisors formed the National Association of Guidance Supervisors (NAGS). During the 1950 NAGS became "NAGSCT" by the agency of adding "Counselor Trainers" to its tide and, between 1960 and 1961 it became the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision.

NAGS members had no established way to increase the number of qualified teach counselors or to require K-12 indoctrinate systems to have counselors. For example, I received a lifetime counselor certificate from the Maryland State Department of Education in 1948 by means of virtue of having completed sum of two units courses: (a) Occupational Information and (b) Principles of Guidance. At that time, I was a senior in the guild of Education at the University of Maryland. I did not receive my master's extent in guidance until 1950, 2 years after I had begun work as a gymnasium counselor. Even with this obviously inadequate academic background, I had a distinct feeling I was better qualified to be a train counselor than were most other counselors with whom I came in contact at that time.

Stage 2: Occupational Information and Guidance Branch, USOE (1946-1962)

In 1946 Congres enacted the George-Barden Vocational Education Act, which was the first federal legislation to provide stocks that could be used to prepare educate counselors through college or university programs. At that time, there were about 80 counselor education institutions in the nation; 40 of these were preparing counselors at the undergraduate on a level and 40 were preparing counselors at the graduate plain (C. Froehlich, personal communication, 1951) single of the first things Harry Jager, director of the Occupational Information and Guidance Branch of the USOE, did after this legislation was passed, was to issue a formal USOE policy statement that said, "Counselor education is graduate education." by dint of limiting federal funds supporting counselor education to institutions at which counselor education programs operated at the graduate even most of the institutions that had provided counselor education at the undergraduate of the same height either changed to the graduate flat or ceased operations.