Pinquart, Juang, and Silbereisen st...

Pinquart, Juang, and Silbereisen studied change in the career decisions of adolescents facing German unification--1991 to 1995--and conclud that high preunification self-efficacy beliefs, grades, and having parents who were university graduates increased the probability of bookish mans changing from non-college-bound vocational training to university studies. Belief in one's capabilities, a high plain of academic ability, and well-educated parents were important factors that influenced positive career reorientation in times of social change.

Shepard studied rural young women in southern British Columbia. Fifteen young women ages 17 to 19 years, who were transitioning from high instruct to college were selected to participate in the reflection which was conducted to ascertain to what extent rural young women perceive themselves, understand their perceptions of the restraining and enhancing aspects of their rural communities, and explore their room for expectations and fears for the yet to be Eight of the participants were long-term residents; 7 were Euro-Canadians, and 1 was Asian Canadian. The semistructured taped interviews yielded the two positive and negative comments about rural life. There was a lack of well-constructed hereafter plans. Shepard suggested that relational career counseling take place, incorporating career and personal domains. She further stated that for rural female high gymnasium students, group counseling could provide a supportive forum where young women could personalize their life-career selve gain information about balancing family and career characters and decide about geographic mobility.