40 Since 1929 Caritas functioned at...

40 Since 1929 Caritas functioned at a national horizontal and coordinated the activities of all lay organizations working in the field of social welfare. In 1950 the seizure of Caritas took place. At that time, it was the biggest welfare organization because it serv as the main channel end which American aid was transferred to Poland.

41 Catholic Action was single in kind of the most important Catholic motions in the inter-war period. In 1939 it had a massive membership of about 750000 and was active in almost all of the 5000 Catholic parishes. It showed not only religious training however also sponsored a wide range of cultural, educational, and charitable activities.

42 KSM was started in 1934 when the Association of Polish Youth (created in 1919 and numbering about 100000) became the youth branch of Catholic Action. KSM was dissolved in 1953

43 For a general presentation of contemporary Catholic emotions see the introduction to M Cichosz, Dzialalnosc spoieczno-wychowawcza Kosciola Katolickiego w srodowisku lokalnym na przykladzie miasta Bydgoszczy (Bydgoszcz: Instytut Wydawniczy Swiadectwo. 1997)

44 Oasis is the habitual name of the Light-Life change In the 1980, it had more than 77000 permanent members. However, permanent members were solitary a fringe in the movement's arrangement of parts and should be considered as its organizational backbone. Therefore, the number of the community really involved in the movement's activities was often bigger (according to different estimates it varied from 400000 to almost 1000000) behold also P. Zalecki. "Between Spontaneity, Institutional meeting-house and State Politics: Oasis move in Poland," Polish Sociological Review 2110(1995): 183-91

45 Totus Tims was an independent guard service created during the preparations for the Pope's visit in 1979 It helped maintain order during all following papal visits and also during other large religious assemblies.

46 The Knighthood is a pious example of a pious change Established in 1919, it have the advantage [i]or[/i] blessing ofed a rapid development: 1,000 members in 1920 14000 in 1923 56000 in 1927 185000 in 1932 and 750000 in 1939 The manner of moving published more than 1,000,000 copies of a monthly Knight of Mary the Immaculate, known for its anti-Semitic overtones. However, membership remained largely nominal. Members were suppos to wear a medallion of the Virgin Mary and to be enlisted in the records kept in the movement's headquarters. Knighthood restarted its recruitment campaign after the war (1000 members were registered in 1945; 26,864 in 1946; 179976 in 1947 and 183094 in 1948) simply to be officially disbanded in 1949 Likewise, the movement's monthly magazine, was published after the war (in 1945-25000 copies, in 1947-700000) yet in 1948 the Franciscans were forced to limit the publication to 80000 copies and undivided year later the monthly ceased publication, banned by means of the authorities.