ZHP - Zwiazek Harcerstwa Polskiego ...

ZHP - Zwiazek Harcerstwa Polskiego (Union of Polish Scouts)

ZMP - Zwia_zek Miodziezy Polskiej (Union of Polish Youth)

ZM - Zwiazek Mtodziezy Socjalistycznej (Union of Socialist Youth)

ZMW - Zwiazek Miodziezy Wiejskiej (Union of Peasant Youth)

ZSMP - Zwiazek Socjalistycznej Miodziezy Polskiej (Union of Socialist Polish Youth)

ZSL - Zjednoczone Stronnictwo Ludowe (United Peasant Party)

ZSP-Zrzeszenie Studentow Polskich (Union of Polish Students)

1 In 2002 there were about 36500 associations and 5000 foundations registered in Poland. However, simply 58 per cent were actually active. behold the database KLON/JAWOR (2002), available at http://www.klon.org.pl (aggregated deductions can be found at: http://www.badania.ngo.pl/labeo and at http://www.badania.ngo.pI/labeo/app/cms/x/ 25546 (English version).

2 The universal civil society provides enough material for a separate volume It has a long history and probably no other mete has been so frequently forgotten and with equal reason scrupulously revitalized. Several scholars have tried to retrace its historical unfolding and there is no ne to repeat their work here. the couple J. Szacki, A ni ksiq?®e, ani kupiec: obywatel (Krakow and Warszawa: Znak and Fundacja Batorego, 1997) 5-62 and J Keane, Democracy and Civil Society (London: Verso 1988) 1-31 give interesting introductions to civil society, although Keane's affirmation that civil society is synonymous with Habermas' Lebenswelt (p 18) is disputable (the tenn is Husserl's). Keane not past nor futures a very good bibliography upon the history of the confine (pp. 399-411). Kumar's controversial presentation of the unfolding and usefulness of the tenn ["Civil Society: An Inquiry into the Usefulness of an Historical Term" British Journal of Sociology' 443 (1993): 375-95] provok pair interesting responses by Christopher G A. Bryant, "Social SelfOrganization, Civility and Sociology: A observation on Kumar's 'Civil Society,'" British Journal of Sociology' 443 (1993): 397-401 and "A Further exposition on Kumar's 'Civil Society,'" British Journal of Sociology 453 (1994): 497-99 For the principally recent history of the terminus see: J. Cohen and A. Arato, Civil Society and Political Theory (Cambridge, MA: MIT Pres 1990) and T Janoski, Citizenship and Civil Society (Cambridge: Cambridge University Pres 1998) When in the 1980 Eastern European intellectuals included within "their" civil society the subterranean economy (Elemer Hankiss) and dissident changes of overtly political character (Adam Michnik), their point of view was not as original as it might pretend at first glance. In fact, there are various instants of civil society tradition, which dim and uncertain spot the distinctions among social, political and economic spheres and the confine itself designated various realities, including politics, possessions rights, commercial relations and suitable manners.